WHAT ARE THE BASIC ORGAN AND STRUCTURE AT RISK IN HYPERTENSION?

The organ at risk in any hypertensive heart disease condition include the brain, the ageing eye, the heart muscle pump itself, the thoracic aorta, the abdominal aorta, the pregnant womb , the kidney and their individual blood vessel.The aorta is a blood vessel that is anatomically divided into segment and it is considered to be the largest and the thickest blood vessel in the human body.

How are these organs damaged by a high blood pressure condition?

The blood supply to these organs are disrupted over time sometimes suddenly the damage to the organ occurs at their basic subunit level. This may occur in the brain cells [neurons],the heart muscle [myocardium] cells or the functional units, the nephrons of the two kidneys. It may affect the photo plate [retina] of the eye of the ageing adult or the pregnant womb of a susceptible group of women. The sudden or the gradual reduction in blood flow to these tissues and organs can cause a significant damage to the functional capabilities of these organs. The disruptions can also affect their structures in a very unpredictable way.

Whenever key organs like the heart, the kidney, the brain or the pregnant womb are damaged by disease the consequences are numerous and devastating.For example in several hypertension peculiar to some pregnancies – the condition which is called ‘preeclampsia or pregnancy –induced hypertension PIH – there is often a sudden disruption in the blood supply to the growing baby [foetus] and this may cause the demise of the lady and even jeopardize the existence of the pregnant lady . This loss of life through high blood pressure is a subject of concern in obstetics perinatology and in gyneacological practice and it may remain so for sometime to come .

Also coma [deep unconsciousness] resulting from a disruption in the blood flow to the brain caused by an elevated blood pressure problem is a severe blow to the brain.Some call it such fanciful names as cerebrovascular accident,CA (cardiac arrest) or stroke, but the truth is that many have died from this hypertension disaster . The problem is so common that many assume hypertension was born with some fellows in their families , that they must live it and accept it as part of their own fate and that they must die from it ! but no,this should not be.

However if high blood pressure does not succeed in damaging the kidney or in injuring the brain, it may successful put the heart itself out of action through heart attack or through hypertensive heart failure or through some other way.High blood pressure problem can be this devastating and it is almost always so in stroke as well as in heart failure.
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Is the damage to these organs grave or mild?

Hypertension damages important body organs with impunity,the damage done may be reversible such as in preeclampsia,irreversible as it is the case in some stroke paralysis. This reversibility however depends on the degree of damage that has occurred at the time of the detection of hypertension.

For example the deeply unconscious [comatose] hypertensive who has just suffered a stroke has severe type of [brain] damage. He may wake up alive or open his eyes only at the other side of life. Some also suffer from a severe myocardial infarction [heart attack] and develop a sudden [acute] heart failure which means their problem was grave. But some who suffer stroke –paralysis only have weakness of one limb for a couple of days or weeks and they recover fully which means they had a mild variety of the consequence of their blood pressure.

There are people who suffer from repeatitive heart (angina pectoris) because of their elevated blood pressure but before they are down completely they recover after just a few days of bed rest. Theirs also is a mild variety on the whole, it means that the problem of high blood pressure is sometime mild and at other times it is grave.

Summarily then, it can be said that when the target organ is a delicate one like the kidney and hypertension is servere,the damage is often grave because the consequence may be an end stage of kidney failure which usually spells deaths for many.But when the damage is to a resilient organ such as the heart [muscle] itself and the blood pressure is not very high , the affliction is mild if it caused repeated heart pain [angina pectoris and nothing more.
Dr Mercola Bradden is medical practioner and are writer.
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